Green urine from propofol

"A 65-year-old female, with past medical history of hypertension and chronic hypoxemic respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), was admitted after endoscopic resection of colonic polyps and a large rectal mass. For this procedure, general anesthesia with intravenous Propofol was utilized. Due to technical difficulty of the procedure, the total anesthesia time was 7 hours and 48 minutes with a total use of 2,951.06 mg of Propofol. On post-procedure day #1, the patient's urine was noted to be green (Figure 1). The patient denied dysuria, frequency, urgency, and foul smell. Additionally, liver function tests, renal function tests, complete blood count, and urinalysis were all within normal limits."Cole T. Bredehoeft (1), Rebecca T. Rist (2), Christian A. Rojas-Moreno (2,3); 1. School of Medicine, University of Missouri. 2. Department of Medicine, University of Missouri. 3. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri.Includes bibliographical reference

Relating the primitive hierarchy of the PREMO standard to the standard reference model for intelligent multimedia presentation systems

The need for a suitable classification of media types arises for several reasons when building or comparing multimedia systems. Within an Intelligent Multimedia Presentation Systems (IMMPS) it is necessary to formulate and encode design knowledge for decision making on the appropriate medium in which to present information and for the generation of the presentation. It is also required in order to specify interfaces to and between system components which will be employed to run a generated presentation before the user's eyes. This task is reflected in the SRM (Standard Reference Model, see this volume) for IMMPS by the Presentation Display Layer. However, the SRM does not instantiate this layer in detail, but instead refers to the PREMO ISO/IEC standard which provides a reference model for a presentation runtime environment for multimedia. PREMO already contains a set of basic structures, the so-called PREMO Primitive Hierarchy, to describe different media types. Thus the question arises, as to how far the PREMO Primitive Hierarchy could serve as a media classification for the SRM in general. In particular, this would support consistency between the design and presentation layers of the SRM if PREMO were used to instantiate the Presentation Layer. In the report, we first point to a number of typical problems with generating classifications of media types. We then provide a brief introduction to PREMO and its Primitive Hierarchy. Finally, the benefits and costs of using the PREMO primitive hierarchy for the SRM are discussed

THE EFFECT OF INSPIRED OXYGEN CONCENTRATION ON INTRAPULMONARY RIGHT-TO-LEFT SHUNT DURING POSTOPERATIVE MECHANICAL VENTILATION

A consecutive series of patients undergoing cardiac surgery for valve replacement was divided into two groups. The first underwent postoperative artificial ventilation using the oxygen-driven Bird ventilator. The inspiratory oxygen concentration was 83%. In the second group a Bird ventilator was also used but with an oxygen concentration of 40%. In the first group the intrapulmonary right-to-left shunt rose to an average of 17% during the first two postoperative daysand in the second group to an average of 9%. The study supports the view that the inspiratory oxygen concentration should only be kept high enough to achieve a normal oxygen saturation of arterial bloo

Relating the primitive hierarchy of the PREMO standard to the standard reference model for intelligent multimedia presentation systems

The need for a suitable classification of media types arises for several reasons when building or comparing multimedia systems. Within an Intelligent Multimedia Presentation Systems (IMMPS) it is necessary to formulate and encode design knowledge for decision making on the appropriate medium in which to present information and for the generation of the presentation. It is also required in order to specify interfaces to and between system components which will be employed to run a generated presentation before the user's eyes. This task is reflected in the SRM (Standard Reference Model, see this volume) for IMMPS by the Presentation Display Layer. However, the SRM does not instantiate this layer in detail, but instead refers to the PREMO ISO/IEC standard which provides a reference model for a presentation runtime environment for multimedia. PREMO already contains a set of basic structures, the so-called PREMO Primitive Hierarchy, to describe different media types. Thus the question arises, as to how far the PREMO Primitive Hierarchy could serve as a media classification for the SRM in general. In particular, this would support consistency between the design and presentation layers of the SRM if PREMO were used to instantiate the Presentation Layer. In the report, we first point to a number of typical problems with generating classifications of media types. We then provide a brief introduction to PREMO and its Primitive Hierarchy. Finally, the benefits and costs of using the PREMO primitive hierarchy for the SRM are discussed

A Realism Metric for Generated LiDAR Point Clouds

A considerable amount of research is concerned with the generation of realistic sensor data. LiDAR point clouds are generated by complex simulations or learned generative models. The generated data is usually exploited to enable or improve downstream perception algorithms. Two major questions arise from these procedures: First, how to evaluate the realism of the generated data? Second, does more realistic data also lead to better perception performance? This paper addresses both questions and presents a novel metric to quantify the realism of LiDAR point clouds. Relevant features are learned from real-world and synthetic point clouds by training on a proxy classification task. In a series of experiments, we demonstrate the application of our metric to determine the realism of generated LiDAR data and compare the realism estimation of our metric to the performance of a segmentation model. We confirm that our metric provides an indication for the downstream segmentation performance

A Qualitive Modeling Approach for Fault Detection and Diagnosis on HVAC Systems

This paper describes the basics and first test results of a model based approach using qualitative modeling to perform Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD) on HVAC and R systems. A quantized system describing the qualitative behavior of a dynamical system is established by transforming numerical inputs into qualitative values or states. Then, the qualitative model is used to determine system-states or outputs that may occur in the future. The qualitative model determines the probability that a subsequent condition might occur. The model can then be used for FDD purposes by comparing the expected states of the faultless system with the occurring states of the real process. The paper presents the first results of the model, trained with measurement data of an air handling unit (AHU) heating coil. The authors plan to extend the model to further AHU components and to test them against real data to assess their performance for FDD and their economic viability in terms of engineering efforts and costs by comparing them with a rule-based FDD system. It is then planned to implement and test the models on several large HVAC and R systems operating at two major European airports in the framework of the FP7 European project CASCADE ICT for Energy Efficient Airports